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الملك

Surah AL-MULK / The Sovereignty in English | Surah 67

AL-MULK · 30 verses

In the name of Allah, the Entirely Merciful, the Especially Merciful.

1 Blessed is He in whose hand is dominion, and He is over all things competent -

2 [He] who created death and life to test you [as to] which of you is best in deed - and He is the Exalted in Might, the Forgiving -

3 [And] who created seven heavens in layers. You do not see in the creation of the Most Merciful any inconsistency. So return [your] vision [to the sky]; do you see any breaks?

4 Then return [your] vision twice again. [Your] vision will return to you humbled while it is fatigued.

5 And We have certainly beautified the nearest heaven with stars and have made [from] them what is thrown at the devils and have prepared for them the punishment of the Blaze.

6 And for those who disbelieved in their Lord is the punishment of Hell, and wretched is the destination.

7 When they are thrown into it, they hear from it a [dreadful] inhaling while it boils up.

8 It almost bursts with rage. Every time a company is thrown into it, its keepers ask them, "Did there not come to you a warner?"

9 They will say," Yes, a warner had come to us, but we denied and said, ' Allah has not sent down anything. You are not but in great error.' "

10 And they will say, "If only we had been listening or reasoning, we would not be among the companions of the Blaze."

11 And they will admit their sin, so [it is] alienation for the companions of the Blaze.

12 Indeed, those who fear their Lord unseen will have forgiveness and great reward.

13 And conceal your speech or publicize it; indeed, He is Knowing of that within the breasts.

14 Does He who created not know, while He is the Subtle, the Acquainted?

15 It is He who made the earth tame for you - so walk among its slopes and eat of His provision - and to Him is the resurrection.

16 Do you feel secure that He who [holds authority] in the heaven would not cause the earth to swallow you and suddenly it would sway?

17 Or do you feel secure that He who [holds authority] in the heaven would not send against you a storm of stones? Then you would know how [severe] was My warning.

18 And already had those before them denied, and how [terrible] was My reproach.

19 Do they not see the birds above them with wings outspread and [sometimes] folded in? None holds them [aloft] except the Most Merciful. Indeed He is, of all things, Seeing.

20 Or who is it that could be an army for you to aid you other than the Most Merciful? The disbelievers are not but in delusion.

21 Or who is it that could provide for you if He withheld His provision? But they have persisted in insolence and aversion.

22 Then is one who walks fallen on his face better guided or one who walks erect on a straight path?

23 Say, "It is He who has produced you and made for you hearing and vision and hearts; little are you grateful."

24 Say, " It is He who has multiplied you throughout the earth, and to Him you will be gathered."

25 And they say, "When is this promise, if you should be truthful?"

26 Say, "The knowledge is only with Allah , and I am only a clear warner."

27 But when they see it approaching, the faces of those who disbelieve will be distressed, and it will be said, "This is that for which you used to call."

28 Say, [O Muhammad], "Have you considered: whether Allah should cause my death and those with me or have mercy upon us, who can protect the disbelievers from a painful punishment?"

29 Say, "He is the Most Merciful; we have believed in Him, and upon Him we have relied. And you will [come to] know who it is that is in clear error."

30 Say, "Have you considered: if your water was to become sunken [into the earth], then who could bring you flowing water?"

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Tafsir

Verse 1

Blessed, exalted above the attributes of created beings, is He in Whose hand, at Whose disposal, is [all] sovereignty, [all] authority and power, and He has power over all things.

Verse 2

[He] Who created death, in this world, and life, in the Hereafter — or both of them in this world, since the sperm-drop is imbued with life, [life being] that [power] by which sensation becomes possible, death being the opposite of this or the non-existence of it — these being two [alternative] opinions; in the case of the latter [life in the Hereafter], ‘creation’ implies ‘ordainment’ — that He may try you, that He may test you in [this] life, [to see] which of you is best in conduct, [which of you] is most obedient to God, and He is the Mighty, in His vengeance against those who disobey Him, the Forgiving, to those who repent to Him;

Verse 3

Who created seven heavens in layers, one above the other without any contact [between them]. You do not see in the Compassionate One’s creation, of these or of other things, any irregularity, any disparity or discordance. Then cast your eyes again, turn them toward the heaven: Do you see, in it, any fissure?, any cracks or ruptures?

Verse 4

Then cast your eyes yet again, once and then twice, and your sight will return to you humbled, abject on account of it not perceiving any fissure, and wearied, unable to see any fissure.

Verse 5

And verily We have adorned the lowest heaven, the one closest to the earth, with lamps, with stars, and made them missiles against the devils, should they [attempt to] listen by stealth, in which case a meteor of fire detaches itself from the star, just like a brand is taken from a fire, and either kills that jinn or deprives him of his senses: it is not that the star itself is displaced from its position; and We have prepared for them the chastisement of the Blaze, the ignited Fire.

Verse 6

And for those who disbelieve in their Lord there is the chastisement of Hell, and [what] an evil journey’s end!, it is.

Verse 7

When they are flung into it they hear it blaring, [producing] a horrid sound like that of an ass, as it seethes,

Verse 8

almost exploding (tamayyazu: a variant reading has the original [form] tatamayyazu) ripped apart, with rage, in wrath against the disbelievers. Whenever a host, a group of them, is flung into it, its keepers ask them, an interrogation of rebuke: ‘Did there not come to you a warner?’, a messenger to warn you of God’s chastisement.

Verse 9

They will say, ‘Yes, a warner did indeed come to us, but we denied and said, “God has not revealed anything; you are assuredly in great error”’: this [last words] may be the words of the angels [spoken] to the disbelievers when they are told of the denial, or they may belong to the words of the disbelievers [spoken] to the warners.

Verse 10

And they will say, ‘Had we listened, that is, listening so as to understand, or comprehended, that is, comprehension entailing reflection [upon the truth], we would not have been among the inhabitants of the Blaze’.

Verse 11

Thus they will confess, when confession is of no avail, their sin, which was their denial of the warners. So away (suhqan or suhuqan) with the inhabitants of the Blaze!, so far away may they be from God’s mercy.

Verse 12

Assuredly those who fear their Lord in secret, while they are absent from people’s eyes, being obedient to Him in secret, such that openly [before people] it is all the more likely [that they fear their Lord] — there will be for them forgiveness and a great reward, namely, Paradise.

Verse 13

And [whether you] keep secret, O people, your speech or proclaim it, He indeed, exalted be He, is Knower of what is in the breasts, of what they contain: so how much more so [is He Knower] in the case of what you utter [openly] — the reason for the revelation of this [verse] was that the idolaters said to one another: ‘Speak secretly, and Muhammad’s god will not hear you’.

Verse 14

Will He Who has created not know?, what you keep secret, in other words: will His knowledge of [things] be precluded by such [secret speech]? And He is the Subtle, in His knowledge, the Aware, therein.

Verse 15

It is He Who made the earth tractable for you, easy for you to walk on; so walk in its flanks and eat of His provision, that has been created for you; and to Him is the resurrection, from the graves for the Requital.

Verse 16

Are you secure (read a-amintum pronouncing both hamzas fully, or by not pronouncing the second one, inserting an alif between it and the other one, or without [the insertion] but replacing it with an alif instead) [in thinking] that He Who is in the heaven, [that He] Whose authority and power [is in the heaven], will not cause the earth to swallow you (an yakhsifa substitutes for man, ‘He Who’) while it quakes?, [while] it moves underneath you and rises above you?

Verse 17

Are you secure [in thinking] that He Who is in the heaven will not unleash (an yursila substitutes for man, ‘He Who’) upon you a squall of pebbles?, a wind hurling pebbles at you. But you will [soon] come to know, upon seeing the chastisement with your own eyes, the nature of My warning, My warning of chastisement, in other words, [you will soon see] that it was true.

Verse 18

And verily those, communities, who were before them denied, then [see] how was My rebuttal!, [how was] My rebuttal of them in destroying them when they denied: in other words, [how] it was true.

Verse 19

Or have they not seen the birds above them, in the air, spreading their wings and closing?, their wings after spreading them? (in other words [read wa-yaqbidna] as wa-qābidātin [similar to sāffātin, ‘spreading’]). Nothing sustains them, from falling, either when they are spreading them or closing them, except the Compassionate One, by His power. Indeed He is Seer of all things. The meaning is: have they not inferred from the fact that the birds [are able to] remain in the air that We have the power to do with them what has been mentioned above as well as [inflicting upon them] other kinds of chastisement?

Verse 20

Or who (am-man: the subject) is it (hādhā: its predicate) that (alladhī: a substitution for hādhā, ‘is it’) will be an army, supporters, for you (lakum belongs to the relative clause of alladhī, ‘that’) to help you (yansurukum is an adjectival qualification of jundun, ‘an army’) besides the Compassionate One?, that is to say, other than Him, who [is there that] will [be able to] avert His chastisement from you, in other words, you have no helper. The disbelievers are in nothing but delusion: Satan has deluded them [into believing] that the chastisement will not befall them.

Verse 21

Or who is it that will provide for you if He, the Compassionate One, withholds His provision?, that is to say, [if He withholds] the rain from you (the response to the conditional has been omitted, but is indicated by what preceded it, namely [the statement to the effect] ‘who will provide for you?’, and so [the response would be]: you have no provider other than Him. Nay, but they persist in disdain and aversion, moving away [further] from the truth.

Verse 22

Is he who walks cast down, fallen, on his face more rightly guided, or he who walks upright on a straight path? (the predicate of the second man, ‘who’, has been omitted, but is indicated by the predicate of the first, namely, ahdā, ‘more rightly guided’; the similitude refers to the believer and the disbeliever and to which of the two is more rightly guided).

Verse 23

Say: ‘It is He Who created you and endowed you with hearing and sight and hearts. Little do you thank!’ (mā tashkurūna: mā is extra; the sentence itself is a new [independent] one, informing of how extremely little they give thanks for these graces).

Verse 24

Say: ‘It is He Who multiplied you, created you, on earth, and to Him you will be gathered’, for the Reckoning.

Verse 25

And they say, to the believers: ‘When will this promise be [fulfilled], the promise of the gathering, if you are truthful?’, about it.

Verse 26

Say: ‘The knowledge, of its coming, is only with God, and I am but a plain warner’, one whose warning is plain.

Verse 27

But when they see it, that is, the chastisement, after the gathering, near at hand, the faces of those who disbelieved will be awry, blackened, and it will be said, that is, the keepers [of Hell] will say to them: ‘This is that, chastisement, which, the warning of which, you used to make claims about’, [claims to the effect] that you would not be resurrected — this is the narration of a situation that will take place [in the future], and which has been expressed using the past tense in order to confirm that it will actually take place.

Verse 28

Say: ‘Have you considered: If God destroys me and those with me, of believers, by His chastisement, as you would have it, or has mercy on us, and does not chastise us, who then will protect the disbelievers from a painful chastisement?’: in other words, they will have no protector from it.

Verse 29

Say: ‘He is the Compassionate One; we believe in Him, and in Him we put our trust. And assuredly you will [soon] know (sa-ta‘lamūna is also read sa-ya‘lamūna, ‘they will know’) upon seeing the chastisement with your own eyes, who is in manifest error’: is it us, or yourselves or them?

Verse 30

Say: ‘Have you considered: If your water were to sink deep into the earth, who then will bring you running water?’, which hands and buckets would be able to reach, like [they do] your water: in other words, none but God, exalted be He, would be able to bring it, so how can you reject that He will resurrect you? It is commendable for one to say Allāhu rabbu’l-‘ālamīna, ‘God, Lord of the Worlds!’, after ma‘īn, ‘running water’, as is stated in a hadīth. This verse was recited before a certain tyrant who then replied, ‘Hatchets and pickaxes will bring it!’, whereupon the water of his eyes dried up and he became blind. We seek refuge with God against that we should be insolent towards Him or His verses.

About the surah AL-MULK / The Sovereignty

Al Mulk, the sixty-seventh surah of the Holy Quran, whose name, in English, The Sovereignty, or also, The Dominion, is taken from the first of the thirty verses it contains. It is a Meccan surah with themes and a style characteristic of that period. It is also called The Protector, The Deliverer, in reference to the merits of its recitation.

Context of the revelation of Al Mulk

This surah is one of the many surahs revealed in Mecca, mainly towards the end of that period, during which the disbelievers relentlessly harassed the Prophet Mohamed, peace and blessings be upon him, and the believers, in order to make them waver in their faith. One of the characteristics of these surahs is the Creator's insistence on the whole of the Islamic teachings gathered in few verses, so as to lead people to reflect and bring them out of ignorance.

During the Meccan period, the disbelieving people of the Quraish had questioned, cursed and wished for the destruction of the Prophet Mohamed, peace and blessings be upon him, hence the answer to their questions in one of the verses at the end of this surah.

The many merits of Al Mulk

Al Mulk is a chapter of the Holy Quran that holds many benefits for the believer. It is the one that believers recite every evening before sleeping, in accordance with the prophetic teachings, hoping for protection from the torment of the grave, according to this hadith (prophetic saying):

According to Abd Allah Ibn Abbas, the Messenger of Allah alluded to the surah of Sovereignty, Al Mulk, in these terms: It is The Protector, The Deliverer, it delivers the believer from the torments of the grave.

Al Mulk, The Sovereignty, also intercedes for the believer on the Day of Judgement, as this hadith testifies:

According to Abu Hurayra, the Messenger of God said:

«A certain surah of the Quran, of thirty verses, interceded on behalf of a man, and he was forgiven. It is the surah The Sovereignty ( Al Mulk )

It is one of the surahs that pleads for the entry into Paradise of the one who reads it:

Anas reports that the Messenger of God -may Allah bless him and grant him peace- said: «In the Quran there is a surah that pleaded for its reciter until he was admitted into Paradise. It is this one «Blessed is He in whose Hand is the Dominion and who is All-Powerful» (Reported by Tabarani and Al-Hafedh Al-Maqdisi)*

Explanations:

The surah The Sovereignty, revealed, as mentioned above, during the Meccan period, begins by mentioning the Omnipotence of Allah and His Authority over all things. He, Glorified be He, does so in a remarkable way by employing the word «tabaraka» which means «Blessed (Blessed is He in whose Hand is the Sovereignty )». He glorifies Himself, thus affirming His Omnipotence. Blessings are a particularity that has to do not only with increase but with the preservation, the stability of that which is blessed. To have blessings is not only to benefit from permanent increase (of goods, of health etc...) but also to be preserved from troubles and to continue to receive over time the results issuing from that blessing. He is the Holder of all things, the One who bestows His blessings upon whom He wills and the One who calls them upon Himself! He praises Himself and manages as He pleases the Kingdom and the creatures He has created.

At that time in the history of Islam when the tyranny of the Quraish reigned over the first Muslims, Allah invites man to realise the context in which he lives and evolves, by declaring Himself to be the Master of the Kingdom of the Universe, the Creator of death and life, which He created to test human beings and to know which of them do the best deeds. Not only is it the quality of the deeds that is mentioned and not the quantity, but in His Greatness Allah, Glorified be He, mentions death first before life to show us the urgency of remembering it, so as to work during our life, with our meeting with our Creator as the sole purpose.

The first verses of this surah are thus a testimony of the Creator of life and death, in which He addresses the adversaries of His Authority, the Quraish, who defy Him and defy the Prophet of Allah, Mohamed, peace and blessings be upon him. It is also a source of emotion for the believers who, in the context of the revelation, are intensely persecuted, as if to show them first His Loyalty and thus reassure them, since He has power over all things.

Throughout this surah «He is the One who...» or «The One who...» is often repeated, for He enumerates His Powers to us, reminds us that He is the One who gives dignity and respect, that He is Forgiving beyond what one can imagine.

No one will enter Hell without having received a reminder nor being convinced that Hell is his final destination and his eternal abode. Allah is the Wise, the Just, but also the Supreme Forgiver. He absolves the sins of those who repent, keep away from the prohibitions and fulfil their obligations in all humility, aware that they will have to meet Him.

He is the One who created in a perfect manner everything one sees around oneself, without one being able to find any flaw in the Creation. It is not just a creation, it is that of the Rahman (The Most Merciful, The Compassionate), since He Himself mentions it as the creation of the Merciful, a creation imbued with love and kindness.

Indeed, He asks us to look at the sky, and to look again. No flaw can be found. This reveals to us that the gaze we cast upon the world should never be merely scientific or natural but rather spiritual, since Allah enjoins us to look around us and to question ourselves. It can be underlined that the beauty of this first part lies in the fact that at the beginning of the surah Allah mentions His Power, the greatness of His Kingdom, and, at the end of verse 4, reminds us that the gaze of the one who looks several times will return humbled, for no flaw in His Creation can be detected. A call to remain humble on Earth since we are in His Kingdom.

Then Allah enters into a most precise description of the Fire of Hell. Before that, Allah informs us that He has adorned the sky with the constellations, but that among them there are also meteors that are hurled at those who defy Him in the heavens among the devils. And He has reserved for them the Fire of Hell as their final abode.

What then of those who defy Him on Earth?!

Hell is not described in a personified manner for the sake of style, but rather because Allah teaches us that the Fire too is alive. It is part of Allah's creation. A creation that recognises the disbelievers who are cast into it and that grows angry.

Verse 8: It almost bursts with rage (...).

The Quran teaches us that cries like those of donkeys, or the sobs of animals, are heard from the fuel of the Fire, devils and disbelievers, when they are cast into it.

Each time a group is thrown into it, it will admit that it neither listened nor reflected on Earth. That is the reason for their presence and the answer they will give to the keepers of Hell who will question them. Here is proof, from the mouths of the damned in Hell themselves, that the distractions of the devil to prevent us from listening and reflecting are steps to lead us away from the straight path and thus prevent us from drawing closer to our Lord.

Also, whether we conceal or reveal what is in our breasts, He knows His Creation perfectly.

Then Allah asks us to observe and reflect upon the Earth on which we walk. Who besides Him could prevent it from swallowing us up? Or prevent the sky from annihilating us with a hurricane of stones? Or again, who besides Him could grant us our sustenance if it were taken from us? No one!

Allah then takes the bird in the sky as an example, asking us to observe. He is All-Seeing over all things and He is the One who created everything to perfection.

These are so many parables and examples to lead the misguided and the heedless to reflection (but the human being in general, as a reminder).

This surah is also an answer to the disbelievers who had defied the Prophet Mohamed, peace and blessings be upon him, had cursed him and upon whom the disbelievers had called for destruction, him and his companions.

Verse 28: Say: « What do you think? Whether Allah causes me to perish, and those with me, or grants us mercy, who then will protect the disbelievers from a painful punishment? »

It is recalled that the Prophet Mohamed, peace and blessings be upon him, is only a warner. His duty is only to call us to the straight path and to warn us of the coming of the Day of Judgement, while only the Creator knows its date and hour. Also, what the disbelievers demand with so much haste will come sooner or later.

In conclusion, at the end of this surah, the Creator of all things, as if to question the people of Mecca, whose survival in that desert region depended on water (but also to awaken us all), asks whether, if that water were to disappear, sunk into the earth, who could bring it back to them?

 

 

*Tafsir Ibn Kathir p314

Surah AL-MULK English audio · 30 verses